Experimental and numerical determination of the behaviour of particles during plasma transferred arc welding
By Volker Wesling and Peter Giese
Plasma transferred arc welding, steel components, protective layers, experimental welding, high-speed camera, particle speed, numeric simulation
Plasma transferred arc welding (PTA) is an important process for protecting steel components against wear and corrosion by applying protective layers. Thus, less expensive materials can be used which can be more easily processed and which only need to withstand static and dynamic loads during the lifetime of the product. Only the surfaces which are affected by corro-sion or wear are being protected by using adapted materials. However, the adjustment of the welding process requires expert knowledge and is often dependent on extensive tests. One of the reasons for this is that little is known about the behaviour of the material which is supplied in the form of powder during the welding process. With the aid of a high-speed camera the welding process was documented in order to determine the motion of the powder and to observe the injection into the weld pool. The quantitative data which had been obtained by this method were then compared to the results of a numeric simula-tion. Since the welding torch used is not rotation-symmetrically constructed a three-dimensional model was used for the simula-tion. Furthermore, the arc was subjected to great simplifications. Nevertheless, there was a quantitative consistency between the measured and calculated data.
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