YoungJo Kang, Mselly Nzotta and Du Sichen:
Non-metallic inclusions and their distribution in the ladle before and after vacuum treatment of tool steel
Non-metallic inclusion, ladle treatment, vacuum treatment, inclusion distribution, tool steel
The types of inclusions, inclusion population and distribution in tool steel before and after vacuum treatment were studied. Steel samples taken before and after vacuum degassing were analyzed. Contrary to the previous studies, liquid oxide inclusions with high SiO2 content were found even after vacuum treatment. The difference could be explained by the difference of dissolved aluminum. The number of inclusions >11.3 �m were found to increase in used ladles during vacuum degassing. The steel samples taken at different locations in the ladles revealed that inclusions distributed uniformly in the melt before vacuum treatment. The inclusions, especially the bigger ones, were readily removed near slag layer during the vacuum treatment. Evidence for the movement of the inclusions with the stream lines of the flow was observed.
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Pierre Gugliermina, Chief Technology Officer, ArcelorMittal
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